{"id":2345,"date":"2017-08-28T02:33:22","date_gmt":"2017-08-27T23:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2345"},"modified":"2020-04-12T12:54:32","modified_gmt":"2020-04-12T09:54:32","slug":"emegin-notlari-1-mayistan-1-mayisa-emekcilerin-durumu-akp-iktidarinin-emekci-haklari-karnesi-ve-16-nisan-referandumundan-sonra-emekcileri-bekleyen-tablo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2345","title":{"rendered":"Eme\u011fin Notlar\u0131: 1 May\u0131s\u2019tan 1 May\u0131s\u2019a Emek\u00e7ilerin Durumu, AKP \u0130ktidar\u0131n\u0131n Emek\u00e7i Haklar\u0131 Karnesi ve 16 Nisan Referandumundan Sonra Emek\u00e7ileri Bekleyen Tablo…"},"content":{"rendered":"

1 May\u0131s 2016 Emek ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc, \u0130stanbul’daki kutlamalar\u0131n Taksim’de yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, patlayan bombalar\u0131n tedirginli\u011fi ve AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taksim yasa\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 ile Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Halk Pazar\u0131\u2019nda kutlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oysa Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi’nin 27.12.2012 tarihinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u0130SK ve KESK v. T\u00fcrkiye (Ba\u015fvuru No. 38676\/08) <\/em>karar\u0131nda 1 May\u0131s kutlamalar\u0131na getirilen Taksim yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hak ihlali oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015fti. AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n 2010, 2011 ve 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda Taksim’de yap\u0131lan y\u0131\u011f\u0131nsal 1 May\u0131s kutlamalar\u0131ndan sonra 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekrar ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taksim yasa\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bir\u00e7ok sendika y\u00f6neticisinin yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 davalarda da, Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi karar\u0131na at\u0131f yap\u0131larak beraat karar\u0131 verilmesine ra\u011fmen, bu yasak 1 May\u0131s 2017’de de devam etmi\u015f; emek ve meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin (D\u0130SK, KESK, TTB ve TMMOB) 1 May\u0131s’\u0131 Taksim’de kutlama talepleri kabul edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2016 May\u0131s ay\u0131nda emek\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan meydana gelen di\u011fer bir olumsuz geli\u015fme ise, i\u015f\u00e7i sendikalar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6zel istihdam b\u00fcrolar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi kurulmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayan yasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesiydi. D\u0130SK’in, \u201ckiral\u0131k i\u015f\u00e7ilik yasas\u0131\u201d olarak nitelendirdi\u011fi d\u00fczenlemenin iptali i\u00e7in Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 talebiyle haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve CHP’ye sundu\u011fu raporda \u00f6zetle \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere yer verilmektedir:<\/p>\n

“Kiral\u0131k i\u015f\u00e7ilik yasas\u0131 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde yer alan sosyal hukuk devleti ilkesini ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesinde say\u0131lan devletin g\u00f6revlerini ihlal etmektedir. Yasama organ\u0131 sosyal hukuk devleti ilkesiyle ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da sosyal hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan ve kullan\u0131lmaz hale getiren yasa, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde yer alan s\u0131n\u0131rlama ve g\u00fcvence ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ihlal etmektedir.\u00a0 Ayr\u0131ca Yasa, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir nedene dayanmamaktad\u0131r ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve \u00f6z\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r ve demokratik toplum d\u00fczeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekli de\u011fildir. Anayasa\u2019da yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. 6715 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyeti (madde 48) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 (madde 49), sendika kurma hakk\u0131 (madde 51), toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 (madde 53), grev hakk\u0131 (madde 54), \u00fccrette adalet sa\u011flanmas\u0131 (madde 55) ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131 (madde 60) ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ciddi bir bi\u00e7imde daraltmakta, kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmakta ve s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/em>“<\/p>\n

AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n sendikalar\u0131n \u015fiddetli itirazlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi di\u011fer bir yasal d\u00fczenleme ise, 10\/08\/2016 tarihinde yasala\u015fan ve kamuoyunda \u201cZorunlu Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi (BES) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, 6740 say\u0131l\u0131 Bireysel Emeklilik Tasarruf ve Yat\u0131r\u0131m Sistemi Kanununda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019dur. 1 Ocak 2017 tarihinde kademeli olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Kanun, 45 ya\u015f alt\u0131 \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, i\u015fverenleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla otomatik olarak bir bireysel emeklilik plan\u0131na dahil olmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. Kanun ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara, sisteme dahil olduktan sonra \u00fccretlerinin %3’\u00fcne denk gelen bir katk\u0131 pay\u0131 \u00f6demesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren sistemden iki ay i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131kma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

15 Temmuz 2016 tarihinde ya\u015fanan darbe te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcnden sonra 21 Temmuz 2016’da Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Hal ilan edilmesiyle birlikte \u00fclkemiz OHAL Kararnameleri ile y\u00f6netilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc halin, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 120. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve kamu d\u00fczeninin ciddi \u015fekilde bozulmas\u0131 sebepleriyle ilan edilmesinin gereklili\u011fine, kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnameler \u00e7\u0131karabilme yetkisinin ise Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 121. maddesi gere\u011fince ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc\u0308 hal s\u00fcresince ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc\u0308 halin gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 konularda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesine ra\u011fmen, darbe giri\u015fimi ile ilgisi olmayan binlerce kamu g\u00f6revlisi, akademisyen kamu g\u00f6revinden ihra\u00e7 edilirken, binlerce i\u015f\u00e7i OHAL gerek\u00e7esiyle i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine, OHAL ilan\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ilgisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, 22 Kas\u0131m 2016 tarihli ve 678 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK ile 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Kanunu\u2019nun 63. maddesi de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek \u201cKarar verilmi\u015f veya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olan kanuni bir grev veya lokavt; genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir belediyelerinin \u015fehir i\u00e7i toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma hizmetlerini, bankac\u0131l\u0131k hizmetlerinde ekonomik veya finansal istikrar\u0131 bozucu nitelikte ise Bakanlar Kurulu bu uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta grev ve lokavt\u0131 altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn s\u00fcre ile erteleyebilir.<\/em>\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc getirilmi\u015ftir. Oysa Anayasa Mahkemesi, 22.10.2014 tarihli karar\u0131yla, 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n, bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve \u015fehir i\u00e7i toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma hizmetlerinde grev yasa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bularak iptal etmi\u015fti. Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme erklerini ba\u011flamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yap\u0131lan bu d\u00fczenlemenin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AKP iktidar\u0131, Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00fczenlemeye dayanarak, Akbank\u2019ta Banka ve Sigorta \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 (BANKS\u0130S) taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan grev karar\u0131n\u0131, ekonomik ve finansal istikrar\u0131 bozucu nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gerek\u00e7esiyle 60 g\u00fcn s\u00fcreyle ertelemi\u015ftir. Ertelemenin asl\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir grev yasaklamas\u0131 oldu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r. Zira, yasal d\u00fczenleme 60 g\u00fcnl\u00fck erteleme s\u00fcresi sonunda sendikan\u0131n ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin tekrar greve ba\u015flamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131mamaktad\u0131r. AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda erteledi\u011fi di\u011fer grevler ise Birle\u015fik Metal \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Asil \u00c7elik ve EM\u0130S grup toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 grev kararlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AKP, iktidara geldi\u011fi 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana 55.000’e yak\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iyi kapsayan 11 grevi ertelemi\u015f olup, bu durum Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 54. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n iktidar\u0131n keyfi grev ertelemeleri yoluyla fiilen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

16 Nisan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi referandumu sonucunda, cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet <\/em>sistemini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin kabul edildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri siyasal ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapabilecek nitelikte oldu\u011fu gibi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, emek\u00e7ilerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 da yak\u0131ndan etkileyecektir. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet <\/em>sisteminde, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm konular ile Anayasa\u2019da kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konular haricindeki alanlar Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi ile d\u00fczenlenebilecektir. Bunun emek alan\u0131nda da ciddi sorunlar yarataca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anayasa\u2019da yer alan sosyal ve ekonomik haklar, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamelerinin istisnas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan temel haklar aras\u0131nda yer almakla birlikte, temel haklar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan ve kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, pek\u00e2l\u00e2 kararname konusu olabilecek ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 fonu kuran bir kararname \u00e7\u0131karabilecektir. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet sisteminde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n ve kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek, emek\u00e7ileri yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u015eKUR ve SGK\u2019n\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnameleri ile nas\u0131l yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Varl\u0131k Fonu\u2019na aktar\u0131l\u0131p aktar\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131, cevaplar\u0131 belirsiz sorular olarak ortada durmaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda, halen Bakanlar Kurulu\u2019nun yetkisindeki grev ertelemesi ve benzeri konular, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kararnamesi ile yap\u0131labilecek ve ciddi hukuksal sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecektir. Bakanlar Kurulu kararlar\u0131 idari yarg\u0131 denetimine tabi iken, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnameleri anayasal yarg\u0131 denetimine tabi olaca\u011f\u0131ndan grev ertelemeleri tamamen grev yasa\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecektir. Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulu\u2019na Bakanlar Kurulu ve b\u00fcrokrasi taraf\u0131ndan atanan \u00fcyeler Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan atanacak, Kamu G\u00f6revlileri Hakem Kurulu\u2019nun 11 \u00fcyesinin yedisi Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin te\u015fmil edilmesi konusu da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yetkisinde olacakt\u0131r. Vergi, resim, har\u00e7 ve benzeri mal\u00ee y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin oranlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdeki yukar\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapma yetkisi, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nemlisi ise, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131 ile ilgili pek \u00e7ok konu Meclis\u2019in de\u011fil, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yetkisinde olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, mevzuat yapma s\u00fcrecinde sendikalar\u0131n ve toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin, gerek \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc dan\u0131\u015fma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma, gerekse bask\u0131 grubu olarak etkinlik g\u00f6sterme i\u015flevleri s\u0131f\u0131rlanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 May\u0131s 2016 Emek ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc, \u0130stanbul’daki kutlamalar\u0131n Taksim’de yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, patlayan bombalar\u0131n tedirginli\u011fi ve AKP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taksim yasa\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 ile Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Halk Pazar\u0131\u2019nda kutlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oysa Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi’nin 27.12.2012 tarihinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u0130SK ve KESK v. T\u00fcrkiye (Ba\u015fvuru No. 38676\/08) karar\u0131nda 1 May\u0131s kutlamalar\u0131na getirilen Taksim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayilar-7"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2345"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2345\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}