{"id":2370,"date":"2017-08-28T03:24:34","date_gmt":"2017-08-28T00:24:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2370"},"modified":"2020-04-15T22:26:30","modified_gmt":"2020-04-15T19:26:30","slug":"ceza-muhakemesi-hukukumuzda-bir-uygulama-sorunu-tutuklama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2370","title":{"rendered":"Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukumuzda Bir Uygulama Sorunu: Tutuklama"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong> Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukumuzda tutuklama m\u00fcessesesinin tatbiki s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta; baz\u0131lar\u0131na c\u00f6mert, baz\u0131lar\u0131na ise olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi, yani son \u00e7are olarak uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun da e\u015fitsizlik olu\u015fturdu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu yaz\u0131da tutuklaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na de\u011finilmeye, uygulamada yer alan s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek ad\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu\u2019nda (CMK) keyfi uygulaman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek amac\u0131yla 5353, 6352, 6526 ve 6763 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunlarla baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fikard\u0131r; ancak bu de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin tatbikatta hi\u00e7bir iyile\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yaz\u0131da bunun nedenlerine yer verilecektir.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong> Tutuklaman\u0131n \u015eartlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esas\u0131nda tutuklaman\u0131n iki ana \u015fart\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Bunlardan ilki \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delil bulunmas\u0131, ikincisi ise bir tutuklama nedeninin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. CMK m.100\/1\u2019in ilk c\u00fcmlesine g\u00f6re; <em>\u201cKuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren somut delillerin ve bir tutuklama nedeninin bulunmas\u0131 halinde, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilebilir.<\/em> \u201cVerilebilir\u201d kelimesinden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bu iki \u015fart\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmez. CMK m.100\/1\u2019in ikinci c\u00fcmlesi bu hususu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturur: <em>\u201c\u0130\u015fin \u00f6nemi, verilmesi beklenen ceza veya g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmamas\u0131 halinde, tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O halde; kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delil ve tutuklama nedeninin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde ve uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olaca\u011f\u0131 durumda (burada \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u015fart olarak belirtebiliriz), hakim taraf\u0131ndan verilen tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131n hukuka uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u015eimdi bu \u00fc\u00e7 hususa ve uygulamas\u0131na g\u00f6z atmak isabetli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>a. Kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delilin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cSomut delil\u201d ibaresinden ne anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce, 06.03.2014 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren, \u00f6zel yetkili savc\u0131l\u0131k ve mahkemeleri kald\u0131ran 6526 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu ve Ceza Muhakemesi\u00a0Kanunu\u00a0ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun \u00f6ncesinde \u201csomut delil\u201d de\u011fil, \u201colgu\u201d ibaresinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, belirtelim<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>. \u201cSomut delil\u201d k\u0131stas\u0131 ile tutuklama m\u00fcessesesinin tatbikinin daha da zorla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir; ancak \u201colgu\u201d kelimesinin de varsay\u0131mlara, ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmelere izin vermedi\u011fi ve tutuklamaya esas olu\u015fturan \u015f\u00fcphenin somut ve ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olaylara dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>. Delilin olgudan fark\u0131 ise, delilin bir ispat arac\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan, bir olgunun\/vak\u0131an\u0131n ya da sonucun iddia edildi\u011fi gibi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin delil ile ispatlanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Olgu ise, birtak\u0131m olaylar\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebep veya bu sebeplerin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7, vak\u0131a anlam\u0131na gelmektedir<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>. Ancak kullan\u0131lan tabir \u201colgu\u201d da, \u201csomut delil\u201d de olsa, tutuklama i\u00e7in kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varsay\u0131mlara, ihtimallere de\u011fil, elde edilen somut bulgulara dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtelim.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n \u015fart\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilece\u011fimiz, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcpheden ne anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi burada \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesi; failin su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, iddianame tanzimi i\u00e7in gereken yeterli \u015f\u00fcpheden de fazla bir ihtimalin bulundu\u011fu durumlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olup, dosya kapsam\u0131nda yer alan deliller ile orta zekal\u0131 biri taraf\u0131ndan failin su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fi konusunda y\u00fcksek ihtimal \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ise, kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcpheden s\u00f6z edilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Soru\u015fturma evresinde sulh ceza hakiminde olu\u015fan kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcpheyi g\u00f6steren somut delillerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde, tutuklaman\u0131n ilk \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi kabul edilir. \u00d6ld\u00fcrme su\u00e7una konu edilen b\u0131\u00e7akta bulunan tek parmak izinin \u015f\u00fcpheliye ait olmas\u0131 ve kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u015fahs\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fckmesi, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n cinsel istismar\u0131 su\u00e7unda ma\u011fdurun v\u00fccudu \u00fczerinde \u015f\u00fcphelinin k\u0131l\u0131na rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilirki\u015fi incelemesi ile sabit olmas\u0131, \u015f\u00fcpheliler aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen telefon g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde telaffuz edilen uyu\u015fturucu madde miktar\u0131ndan hareketle \u015f\u00fcphelinin evinde yap\u0131lan aramada telefon konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda bahsedilen miktarda uyu\u015fturucu maddeye rastlanmas\u0131; kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delillerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancak uygulamada, tutuklamaya gerek\u00e7e olarak g\u00f6sterilen \u201cmevcut delil durumu\u201d gibi basmakal\u0131p s\u00f6zlerle kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren olgu\/somut delil k\u0131stas\u0131n\u0131n bertaraf edildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bir anlamda uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar, \u201cdosyada kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren olgu vard\u0131r\u201d c\u00fcmlesini karar veya taleplerinde kullanm\u0131\u015f ve tutuklaman\u0131n ilk \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 bu \u015fekilde a\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu durum da, kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kanaat getiren hakimlik ve mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n keyfili\u011fine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>b. Bir tutuklama nedeninin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.100\/2\u2019ye g\u00f6re tutuklama nedeninden iki durumda s\u00f6z edilebilir; ilki, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7mas\u0131, saklanmas\u0131 veya ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesini uyand\u0131ran somut olgular bulunmas\u0131, ikincisi, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n delilleri yok etme, gizleme veya de\u011fi\u015ftirme ya da tan\u0131k, ma\u011fdur veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 giri\u015fiminde bulunma hususlar\u0131nda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r. Her iki durumda da, \u201csomut olgular bulunmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cdavran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe olu\u015fturmas\u0131\u201d ibarelerinden anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere somutluk aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Buna g\u00f6re, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7ma ve delil karartma \u201cihtimali\u201d bizatihi tutuklama nedeni olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Yine, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir k\u0131s\u0131m tan\u0131klar \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 giri\u015fiminde bulunmas\u0131 \u201cihtimali\u201d tutuklamaya konu edilemez. Tutuklama nedeninin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ka\u00e7ma, delil karartma, tan\u0131k, ma\u011fdur veya bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na bask\u0131 giri\u015fiminde bulunma \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut olgular gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u015f\u00fcphelinin, i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7tan sonra yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na u\u00e7ak bileti almas\u0131, bir k\u0131s\u0131m tan\u0131klar\u0131n cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131na verdi\u011fi ifadede \u015f\u00fcpheli taraf\u0131ndan yanl\u0131\u015f ifade vermesi i\u00e7in tehdit edildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi ve cep telefonundan buna ili\u015fkin arama kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi somut tutuklama nedeni olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda CMK m.100\/3\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen bir h\u00fck\u00fcm vard\u0131r ki, yukar\u0131da sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m tutuklama nedenlerini bir anlamda \u00f6nemsiz hale getirir. H\u00fck\u00fcmde \u201ckatalog su\u00e7lara\u201d yer verilmi\u015f, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u015fledi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe sebeplerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde tutuklama nedeninin varsay\u0131labilece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>. Bu anlat\u0131ma g\u00f6re, katalogda yer alan su\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delillerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde, CMK m.100\/2\u2019de say\u0131lan tutuklama nedenlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayacak, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7ma \u015f\u00fcphesini, delil karartma ve tan\u0131klara bask\u0131 yapma ihtimalini g\u00f6steren olgular olmasa bile, tutuklama nedeni oldu\u011fundan bahisle \u015fah\u0131slar tutuklanabilecektir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu d\u00fczenleme, uygulay\u0131c\u0131lara net \u015fekilde keyfilik tan\u0131makla, \u201csu\u00e7un vas\u0131f ve mahiyeti\u201d veya \u201c\u015f\u00fcpheli \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un katalog su\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131\u201d gibi gerek\u00e7elerle tutuklamaya veya tutuklulu\u011fun devam\u0131 kararlar\u0131na dayanak olmaktad\u0131r. Her ne kadar CMK m.100\/3\u2019te <em>\u201cvar say\u0131labilir\u201d<\/em> ibaresi kullan\u0131lsa ve katalogda bulunan su\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi hususunda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe sebeplerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudan do\u011fruya tutuklamaya gerek\u00e7e olmasa bile, bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesi bulunmakta ise di\u011fer tutuklama nedenleri aranmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan ve uygulamada da \u201cat\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un CMK m.100\/3\u2019te say\u0131lan katalog su\u00e7lardan olmas\u0131\u201d gerek\u00e7esi ile tutuklama cihetine gidildi\u011finden, keyfi kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131k CMK m.100\/3\u2019\u00fcn kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 isabetli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sadece soru\u015fturulan su\u00e7un ciddiyetine dayan\u0131larak verilen tutuklama ve tutuklulu\u011fun devam\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi m.5\/3\u2019e ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131na da ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1 Haziran 2006 tarihli Mamedova &#8211; Rusya karar\u0131nda; tutukluluk durumunun, i\u015flendi\u011fi iddia olunan su\u00e7un mahiyetine dayan\u0131lmak suretiyle uzat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 5. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yine, 22 May\u0131s 2012 tarihli Idalov &#8211; Rusya, 6 \u015eubat 2007 tarihli Garycki-Polonya, 26 Ekim 2006 tarihli Chraidi-Almanya ve 26 Temmuz 2001 tarihli Ilijkov-Bulgaristan kararlar\u0131na g\u00f6re; kanunda g\u00f6sterilen olas\u0131 cezan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7ma riski ile ilgili bir husus olsa da, tek ba\u015f\u0131na tutukluluk s\u00fcresinin uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterli bir sebep de\u011fildir<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Netice itibariyle; tutuklamada keyfili\u011fin ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne uygun hareket edilmesi amac\u0131yla CMK m.100\/3\u2019\u00fcn muhakkak kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>c. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck\/oranl\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n \u201cTemel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 13. maddesinin 2. c\u00fcmlesi ile CMK m.100\/1\u2019in 2. c\u00fcmlesinde yer verilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re; ki\u015fi temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetleri kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir ve \u015fah\u0131slar \u015fartlar\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011fu halde tutuklanabilir. Ancak bu k\u0131s\u0131tlaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmamas\u0131 durumunda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.100\/4\u2019te<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> d\u00fczenlenen tutuklama yasaklar\u0131na ve adli kontrole ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck (oranl\u0131l\u0131k) ilkesinin yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak oranl\u0131l\u0131k ilkesinin uygulama alan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca tutuklama yasaklar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Tutuklaman\u0131n oranl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131n somut olay g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bunun i\u00e7in de bir taraftan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ki\u015fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, di\u011fer taraftan olay\u0131n \u00f6nemi ve beklenen ceza tart\u0131lmal\u0131, \u015f\u00fcpheli ya da san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fam ili\u015fkileri, mesleki ve ailevi ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck yaln\u0131zca tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinde de\u011fil, ayr\u0131ca bunun devam\u0131nda da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir ilke olup<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>; m\u00fcdahale ile ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 ile m\u00fcdahale neticesinde bireyin temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinde meydana gelen s\u0131n\u0131rlama aras\u0131nda makul bir oran bulunmas\u0131na i\u015faret eder<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin her ne kadar kanunda tutukluluk yasa\u011f\u0131 olmasa da, alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ila be\u015f y\u0131l olarak d\u00fczenlenen bir su\u00e7ta tutukluluk karar\u0131 verilmesinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u015eahs\u0131n mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan su\u00e7lu bulunmas\u0131 halinde dahi, ceza infaz kurumunda \u00e7ekece\u011fi ceza (hele ki kanunlar ve OHAL KHK\u2019leri ile getirilen de\u011fi\u015fiklikler de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde), infaz kurumunda yatmas\u0131n\u0131 dahi gerektirmeyebilir. Son d\u00f6nemlerde rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na hakaret, halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama, basit yaralama gibi uzun s\u00fcreli hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen su\u00e7larda \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilmekteyiz. Bu hususun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu izahtan varestedir.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong> Gerek\u00e7esiz \u015eekilde Tutuklamaya veya Tutukluluk Halinin Devam\u0131na Karar Verilmesi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5 Temmuz 2012 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 6352 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131 Hizmetlerinin Etkinle\u015ftirilmesi Amac\u0131yla Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Bas\u0131n Yay\u0131n Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7lara \u0130li\u015fkin Dava ve Cezalar\u0131n Ertelenmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 97. maddesi ile CMK m.101\/1\u2019de de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gidilmi\u015f, \u201cTutuklama karar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda; <em>\u201cTutuklamaya, tutuklaman\u0131n devam\u0131na veya bu husustaki bir tahliye isteminin reddine ili\u015fkin kararlarda hukuki ve fiili nedenler ile gerek\u00e7eleri g\u00f6sterilir. Karar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011fa s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak bildirilir, ayr\u0131ca bir \u00f6rne\u011fi yaz\u0131lmak suretiyle kendilerine verilir ve bu husus kararda belirtilir.\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde yer alan d\u00fczenleme; 6352 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla <em>\u201cTutuklamaya, tutuklaman\u0131n devam\u0131na veya bu husustaki bir tahliye isteminin reddine ili\u015fkin kararlarda;<\/em><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><em>a) Kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>b) Tutuklama nedenlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>c) Tutuklama tedbirinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funu,<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>g\u00f6steren deliller somut olgularla gerek\u00e7elendirilerek a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilir. Karar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011fa s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak bildirilir, ayr\u0131ca bir \u00f6rne\u011fi yaz\u0131lmak suretiyle kendilerine verilir ve bu husus kararda belirtilir.\u201d <\/em>\u015feklinde geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.101\/2\u2019de yap\u0131lan bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u015f\u00fcphesiz, tutuklaman\u0131n tatbikini daha da zorla\u015ft\u0131ran ve bir ceza de\u011fil, tedbir oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6zeten bir metne sahip olmakla birlikte, uygulamada bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe yine riayet edilmemi\u015f, \u201cmevcut delil durumu\u201d gibi soyut bir gerek\u00e7e, yerini \u201cileti\u015fim tespit tutanaklar\u0131, kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, \u00e7ek asl\u0131, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131\u201d gibi \u00f6ncekine g\u00f6re daha belirgin olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yine soyut gerek\u00e7elere b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kald\u0131 ki yukar\u0131da yer verdi\u011fimiz CMK m.100\/1 h\u00fckm\u00fc de CMK m.101\/2\u2019nin yeni halini kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r, zira hakim karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7eli olmas\u0131 gerekir (CMK m.34). Anayasa m.141\/3 h\u00fckm\u00fc de, b\u00fct\u00fcn mahkemelerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kararlar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7eli olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret eder. Yine, CMK m.101\/1\u2019in ikinci c\u00fcmlesindeki <em>\u201cBu istemlerde mutlaka gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilir ve adli kontrol uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten hukuki ve fiili nedenlere yer verilir.\u201d <\/em>t\u00fcmcesi de, adli kontrol\u00fcn tutuklama \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 halinde esas, tutuklaman\u0131n ikincil oldu\u011funa ve adli kontrol\u00fcn neden yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da somut \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret etmektedir. Burada i\u015f, uygulay\u0131c\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tutuklama ve tutuklulu\u011fun devam\u0131 kararlar\u0131ndaki keyfilik, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara da konu edilmi\u015f, Prof. Dr. Feridun Yenisey ve Prof. Dr. Ay\u015fe Nuho\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Tutukluluk Uygulamalar\u0131 ve Tutuklamada Savunman\u0131n Rol\u00fc\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda; dava dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 3\u2019\u00fcnde savc\u0131lar\u0131n gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stererek tutuklama talebinde bulundu\u011fu, herhangi bir gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stermeden tutuklama talebinde bulunulan dosyalar\u0131n oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 97 oldu\u011fu, hakimlerin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda savc\u0131lar\u0131n tutuklama istemini kabul etti\u011fi, savc\u0131lar\u0131n tutuklama talebinin reddedildi\u011fi dosya oran\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0y\u00fczde 3 oldu\u011fu, yani savc\u0131lar\u0131n tutuklama istemini\u00a0hakimlerin y\u00fczde 97 oran\u0131nda kabul etti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong> Tutukluluk i\u00e7in \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen Azami S\u00fcreler<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.102\u2019nin ilk iki f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re; <em>\u201c(1) A\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesinin g\u00f6revine girmeyen i\u015flerde tutukluluk s\u00fcresi en \u00e7ok bir y\u0131ld\u0131r. Ancak bu s\u00fcre, zorunlu hallerde gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek alt\u0131 ay daha uzat\u0131labilir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>(2) A\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesinin g\u00f6revine giren i\u015flerde, tutukluluk s\u00fcresi en \u00e7ok iki y\u0131ld\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre, zorunlu hallerde, gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6sterilerek uzat\u0131labilir; uzatma s\u00fcresi toplam \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00d6zetle tutukluluk, asliye ceza mahkemelerinde en fazla 1 y\u0131l+6 ay; a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemelerinde ise 2+3 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile uygulanabilir. Kanun koyucu a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in <em>\u201cuzatma s\u00fcresi toplam \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez\u201d<\/em>ibaresini kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bir d\u00f6nem tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan 2+1 mi, yoksa 2+3 m\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, \u201cuzatma s\u00fcresi, ana s\u00fcreden fazla olur mu?\u201d hakl\u0131 sorusunun da bir anlam\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.102\u2019de dikkat \u00e7ekici kullan\u0131m, her iki f\u0131krada da yer verilen <em>\u201czorunlu hallerde\u201d<\/em> ibaresidir. Tutuklama zaten uygulamas\u0131 zorunlu, en son \u00e7are olarak ba\u015fvurulan bir tedbir iken, asliye ceza mahkemelerinde 1 y\u0131ll\u0131k, a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemelerinde 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k tutukluluk s\u00fcresinin ge\u00e7mesi durumunda, soyut \u201czorunluluk oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi\u201d ile kendili\u011finden 6 ay\/3 y\u0131l tutuklulu\u011fun uzat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilir taraf\u0131 yoktur. Bu nedenle, CMK m.102\u2019de yer verilen \u201czorunlu haller\u201d k\u0131stas\u0131n\u0131n titiz \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131, CMK m.100 ve 101\u2019deki gibi durumu da a\u015facak \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ayr\u0131ca 1 ve 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k tutukluluk s\u00fcrelerinin \u201cazami\u201d oldu\u011funu, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda tahliye karar\u0131 verilmesi i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcrenin ge\u00e7mesinin beklenmeyece\u011fini, CMK m.103\/2 ve 104\/1\u2019in<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> de bu hususa i\u015faret etti\u011fini, \u015fartlar\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve delil durumunun \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k lehine de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi durumda \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n derhal tahliye edilmesinin gerekti\u011fini yeri gelmi\u015fken belirtelim.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Uygulamada tutukluluk s\u00fcresinde esas sorun, dosyan\u0131n kanun yolu a\u015famas\u0131nda kendisini g\u00f6stermektedir. Yarg\u0131tay veya b\u00f6lge adliye mahkemeleri incelemesinde olan dosyalarda, tutuklulu\u011funda azami s\u00fcresi son bulan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu adli makamlar taraf\u0131ndan sal\u0131verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Daha a\u00e7\u0131k bir ifadeyle, kanun yolu a\u015famas\u0131 tutukluluk s\u00fcresinden say\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esas\u0131nda CMK m.100 vd. h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine, \u201cTan\u0131mlar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 CMK m.2\u2019nin (e) ve (f) bentlerine, yani soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma tan\u0131mlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, h\u00fckm\u00fcn kesinle\u015fmesine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrenin kovu\u015fturma oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek, bu s\u00fcrenin tutuklaman\u0131n tatbiki y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yerel mahkeme a\u015famas\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancak Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu; 12.04.2011 tarihli, 2011\/1-51 E., 2011\/42 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u201ch\u00fckmen tutuklu\u201d oldu\u011fu, yani mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc ile birlikte tutuklulu\u011funun devam etti\u011fi durumda temyizde ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrenin tutuklama hesab\u0131na dahil edilmeyece\u011fini belirtmekle, kanunda yeri olmayan de\u011ferlendirmede bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Karar\u0131n ilgili yeri \u015f\u00f6yledir: <em>\u201c(\u2026) Tutukluluk s\u00fcrelerinin hesab\u0131nda\u00a0yerel mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcm verilinceye kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131n yerel mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fckm\u00fcn verilmesinden sonra tutuklu san\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u00fckmen tutuklu hale gelmesi nedeniyle temyizde ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre hesaba kat\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Zira, hakk\u0131nda mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc kurulmakla san\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi yerel mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ve bu a\u015famadan sonra tutuklulu\u011fun dayana\u011f\u0131 mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc olmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi de A\u0130HS&#8217;nin 5. maddesinin uygulamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak verdi\u011fi kararlarda tutuklulukla ilgili makul s\u00fcrenin hesab\u0131nda, ilk derece mahkemesinin mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcnden sonra ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreyi dikkate almamaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Somut olayda, 22.04.2005 tarihinde tutuklanan san\u0131k D.\u2019nin Ceza Genel Kurulu&#8217;ndaki inceleme tarihi itibar\u0131yla CMK&#8217;n\u0131n 102\/2. maddesinde belirtilen be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k tutukluluk s\u00fcresinin doldu\u011fu ve bu nedenle tahliyesine karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek ise de, yerel mahkemenin h\u00fck\u00fcm tarihi olan 22.03.2010 tarihinde hen\u00fcz be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrenin dolmam\u0131\u015f bulunmas\u0131 ve temyiz a\u015famas\u0131nda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrenin maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 azami tutukluluk s\u00fcresinin hesab\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131nmayacak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, yasal olarak tahliyesine karar verme zorunlulu\u011fu bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Bu itibarla, hakk\u0131ndaki h\u00fckm\u00fcn aleyhe bozulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda san\u0131k D.\u2019nin tutukluluk halinin devam\u0131na karar verilmelidir\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu karar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu 18.09.2012 tarihli, 2012\/1-941 E., 2012\/1780 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile de ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde kanaat olu\u015fturmu\u015f, bu kararlar\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay ceza dairelerine de emsal te\u015fkil etmi\u015f; Yarg\u0131tay 5. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin 28.02.2017 tarihli, 2016\/10994 E., 2017\/721 K. say\u0131l\u0131, 27.12.2016 tarihli, 2016\/9614 E., 2016\/9958 K. say\u0131l\u0131, 07.12.2016 tarihli, 2016\/10238 E., 2016\/9577 K. say\u0131l\u0131, Yarg\u0131tay 12. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin 23.11.2016 tarihli, 2016\/8222 E, 2016\/12939 K. say\u0131l\u0131, 21.10.2016 tarihli, 2016\/7328 E., 2016\/12072 K. say\u0131l\u0131, 17.02.2015 tarihli, 2014\/12399 E., 2015\/2784 K. say\u0131l\u0131, Yarg\u0131tay 10. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin 30.06.2016 tarihli, 2016\/2193 E., 2016\/2078 K. say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda da, tutukluluk s\u00fcrelerinin hesab\u0131nda, yerel mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcm verilinceye kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrenin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmden sonraki s\u00fcrenin hesaba kat\u0131lmamas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kanaate varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Buna mukabil Yarg\u0131tay 20. Ceza Dairesi, 2015\/15899 E. say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda 2015\/2 ara karar numaras\u0131 ve oybirli\u011fi ile verdi\u011fi 23.11.2015 tarihli ara karar\u0131nda; 07.08.2010 tarihinde yakalan\u0131p 11.08.2010 tarihinde tutuklanan, 04.12.2013 tarihinde haklar\u0131nda mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verilen san\u0131klar\u0131n CMK m.102\/2 uyar\u0131nca 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k azami tutukluluk s\u00fcreleri doldu\u011fundan tahliyelerine karar vermi\u015f, bu karar hukuk sistemimizde istisnai olarak yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gerek kanuni ve gerekse vicdani kanaat, azami s\u00fcreye ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda tutuklu san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tahliyesine karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fidir. Kanaatimce, yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreleri san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, yarg\u0131 makamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan titizlikle uygulanmas\u0131 gereken bir mefhum olmakla, burada yap\u0131lan gecikme ve hatalar san\u0131\u011fa y\u00fcklenemez.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"5\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong> Sonu\u00e7 ve \u00d6neri<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kanun lafz\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k ve somut gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekti\u011fi belirtilse de, mahkemelerin bir \u015fekilde bu gerek\u00e7eleri a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, soyut gerek\u00e7eleri bir derece daha somutla\u015ft\u0131rmakla birlikte CMK\u2019n\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlamda somutla\u015ft\u0131ramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve katalog su\u00e7lar\u0131n keyfi tutuklamalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131, kanun de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ile Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131n\u0131n da tutuklu san\u0131klar lehine uygulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemimizde; tutuklama tedbirinin daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fekilde uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in katalog su\u00e7 d\u00fczenlemesi kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, CMK m.100\/4\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen tutuklama yasa\u011f\u0131nda \u201c2 y\u0131ldan fazla olmayan\u201d \u015feklinde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nan \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, her ne kadar kanun lafz\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lsa da, uygulamadaki hatan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek ad\u0131na Yarg\u0131tay s\u00fcrecinin de tutukluluk hesab\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret eden h\u00fck\u00fcm getirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esas\u0131nda CMK m.100 veya 101\u2019e, \u201c\u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren somut delillerin neler oldu\u011fu kararda net ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00fcpheden ari \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131\u201d gibi bir ibare eklenmesi de isabetli olur ki, bu hususun yine uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan keyfi kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu, daha \u00f6nce \u201cmevcut delil durumu\u201d, 6352 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun sonras\u0131 s\u00f6zgelimi \u201ckamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131\u201d olarak g\u00f6sterilen gerek\u00e7enin, yeni d\u00fczenleme sonras\u0131nda \u201ckamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphelinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi\u201d gibi soyut gerek\u00e7e ile bertaraf edilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle, bir \u00f6nceki paragrafta yer verdi\u011fimiz k\u0131staslar daha sonu\u00e7 do\u011furabilir niteliktedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> 6526 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun; 17-25 Aral\u0131k s\u00fcreci olarak da bilinen yolsuzluk\/r\u00fc\u015fvet soru\u015fturmalar\u0131na bir reaksiyon olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu Kanunla 17-15 Aral\u0131k soru\u015fturmalar\u0131nda rol oynayan \u00f6zel yetkili savc\u0131l\u0131k ve mahkemeler kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ileti\u015fimin denetlenmesi, teknik ara\u00e7larla izleme ve el koyma gibi koruma tedbirlerinin daha s\u0131k\u0131 \u015fartlara tabi tutuldu\u011funu, dosyalarda \u201cgizlilik karar\u0131\u201d olarak da bilinen k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen CMK m.153\/2-4\u2019\u00fc kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve o d\u00f6nem \u201c\u015f\u00fcpheli\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131 ile yer alan \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n m\u00fcdafilerinin dosya i\u00e7eriklerine eri\u015febilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daha sonra bu \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe\u201d, 17-25 Aral\u0131k dosyalar\u0131 kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip 12.12.2014 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 6572 say\u0131l\u0131 Hakimler ve Savc\u0131lar Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanun ve Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamelerde De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019la son verilip, dosyada k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden tesis edildi\u011fini, farkl\u0131 olarak CMK m.153\/2\u2019de katalog su\u00e7lara yer verilip sadece bu su\u00e7lar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131n\u0131n verilebilece\u011fini belirtmeden ge\u00e7meyelim.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Bahri \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Durmu\u015f Tezcan, Mustafa Ruhan Erdem, \u00d6zge S\u0131rma, Yasemin F. Sayg\u0131lar, Esra Alan, <strong>Nazari ve Uygulamal\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Hukuku,<\/strong> Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara, 2009, s.405.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Veli \u00d6zer \u00d6zbek, Mehmet Nihat Kanbur, Koray Do\u011fan, P\u0131nar Bacaks\u0131z, \u0130lker Tepe, <strong>Ceza Muhakemesi Hukuku, <\/strong>7. Bask\u0131, Ankara, 2015, s.313.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u00a0CMK m.100\/3: <em>\u201c<\/em><em>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki su\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi hususunda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe sebeplerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde, tutuklama<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>nedeni var say\u0131labilir:<\/em><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"26\">\n<li><em>a) 26.9.2004 tarihli ve 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nda yer alan;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar (madde 76, 77, 78),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcrme (madde 81, 82, 83),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Silahla i\u015flenmi\u015f kasten yaralama (madde 86, f\u0131kra 3, bent e) ve neticesi sebebiyle a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fm\u0131\u015f kasten yaralama (madde 87),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> \u0130\u015fkence (madde 94, 95),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131 (birinci f\u0131kra hari\u00e7, madde 102),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n cinsel istismar\u0131 (madde 103),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k (madde 141, 142) ve ya\u011fma (madde 148, 149),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Uyu\u015fturucu veya uyar\u0131c\u0131 madde imal ve ticareti (madde 188),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma (iki, yedi ve sekizinci f\u0131kralar hari\u00e7, madde 220),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Devletin G\u00fcvenli\u011fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar (madde 302, 303, 304, 307, 308),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em> Anayasal D\u00fczene ve Bu D\u00fczenin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar (madde 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315),<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>b) 10.7.1953 tarihli ve 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Ate\u015fli Silahlar ve B\u0131\u00e7aklar ile Di\u011fer Aletler Hakk\u0131nda Kanunda tan\u0131mlanan silah ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (madde 12) su\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>c) 18.6.1999 tarihli ve 4389 say\u0131l\u0131 Bankalar Kanununun 22 nci maddesinin (3) ve (4) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kralar\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan zimmet su\u00e7u.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>d) 10.7.2003 tarihli ve 4926 say\u0131l\u0131 Ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla M\u00fccadele Kanununda tan\u0131mlanan ve hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7lar.<br \/>\ne) 21.7.1983 tarihli ve 2863 say\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Tabiat Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Koruma Kanununun 68 ve 74 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddelerinde tan\u0131mlanan su\u00e7lar.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>f) 31.8.1956 tarihli ve 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanununun 110 uncu maddesinin d\u00f6rt ve be\u015finci f\u0131kralar\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan kasten orman yakma su\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>g) 6.10.1983 tarihli ve 2911 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplant\u0131 ve G\u00f6steri Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri Kanununun 33 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinde say\u0131lan su\u00e7lar.<br \/>\nh) 12.4.1991 tarihli ve 3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanununun 7 nci maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen su\u00e7lar\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Ersan \u015een, <strong>\u201cTutuklama Kriterleri\u201d, <\/strong>Yorumluyorum 10, Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara, 2015, s.73.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> CMK m.100\/4: <em>\u201cSadece adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7larda veya v\u00fccut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kasten i\u015flenenler hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 iki y\u0131ldan fazla olmayan su\u00e7larda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Bahri \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Durmu\u015f Tezcan, Mustafa Ruhan Erdem, \u00d6zge S\u0131rma, Yasemin F. Sayg\u0131lar K\u0131r\u0131t, \u00d6zlem \u00d6zayd\u0131n, Esra Alan Akcan, Efser Erden, <strong>Nazari ve Uygulamal\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Hukuku,<\/strong> 9. Bask\u0131, Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara, 2015, s.468.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Erdal Yerdelen, Yavuz Selim De\u011ferli, <strong>\u201cCeza Muhakemesi Koruma Tedbirlerinde \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d, <\/strong>Prof. Dr. Feridun Yenisey\u2019e Arma\u011fan, Cilt I, Beta Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s.1345.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> http:\/\/www.bahcesehir.edu.tr\/icerik\/2266-turkiyede-tutukluluk-uygulamalari-ve-tutuklamada-savunmanin-rolu-arastirmasi<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0D2B2861-48CD-4AB4-8FA5-499D4E3C293F#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> CMK m.103\/2: <em>\u201cSoru\u015fturma evresinde Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 adli kontrol veya tutuklaman\u0131n art\u0131k gereksiz oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varacak olursa, \u015f\u00fcpheliyi re\u2019sen serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r. Kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 verildi\u011finde \u015f\u00fcpheli serbest kal\u0131r\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">CMK m.104\/1: <em>\u201cSoru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma evrelerinin her a\u015famas\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k sal\u0131verilmesini isteyebilir\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giri\u015f Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukumuzda tutuklama m\u00fcessesesinin tatbiki s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta; baz\u0131lar\u0131na c\u00f6mert, baz\u0131lar\u0131na ise olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi, yani son \u00e7are olarak uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun da e\u015fitsizlik olu\u015fturdu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131da tutuklaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na de\u011finilmeye, uygulamada yer alan s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek ad\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu\u2019nda (CMK) keyfi uygulaman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek amac\u0131yla 5353, 6352, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayilar-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/82"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2370"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2370\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}