{"id":2376,"date":"2017-08-28T03:29:09","date_gmt":"2017-08-28T00:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2376"},"modified":"2020-04-15T22:33:01","modified_gmt":"2020-04-15T19:33:01","slug":"grev-yasaginin-adina-grev-ertelemesi-denilmistir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=2376","title":{"rendered":"Grev Yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Ad\u0131na \u201cGrev Ertelemesi\u201d Denilmi\u015ftir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Grev Hakk\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Sendika hakk\u0131, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131 sosyal haklar grubu i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu haklar \u00f6ncelikle anayasal d\u00fczeyde koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sendikal haklara ili\u015fkin hukuki koruma sadece Anayasa\u2019yla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Anayasa Mahkemesi 18.09.2014 tarih, 2013\/8463 Ba\u015fvuru no.lu karar\u0131nda sendikal haklar\u0131n sadece Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f denetim organlar\u0131n\u0131n kararlar\u0131yla da g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Anayasa Mahkemesi bu karar\u0131nda iki olguyu net olarak vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birincisi, sendikal haklar\u0131n g\u00fcvencesinin Anayasa ve sendika hakk\u0131yla ilgili uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerle birlikte ele alarak saptanmas\u0131 anayasal bir zorunluluktur. \u0130kincisi, sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 belirlenirken uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere g\u00f6re kurulan denetim organlar\u0131n\u0131n yorumlar\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. [1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin karar\u0131ndaki bu a\u00e7\u0131k anlat\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 sadece 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa\u2019ya g\u00f6re belirlenemez. Konuya ili\u015fkin uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, ILO s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri ve ILO sendika hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin denetim organ\u0131 olan Sendika \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Komitesi (S\u00d6K) kararlar\u0131 da ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullarda sendika hakk\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek anlaml\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle sendikal haklar ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan sendika hakk\u0131, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131, varl\u0131klar\u0131 bir di\u011ferinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015fulland\u0131ran; birisi olmay\u0131nca di\u011ferlerinin de olamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7erisinde yer al\u0131rlar. Sendikal haklar\u0131n biri olmadan di\u011ferinin var olamamas\u0131 sendikal haklar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi ilkesi ile ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sendikal haklar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi ilkesi, \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Avrupa Mahkemesi (\u0130HAM) kararlar\u0131nda \u0131srarla alt\u0131 \u00e7izilen bir ilkedir.[2]<\/a> Ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 S\u00d6K kararlar\u0131nda da g\u00f6rmek olanakl\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00d6K\u2019e g\u00f6re grev hakk\u0131; \u201csendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6\u011felerinden biridir\u201d[3]<\/a> ve \u201c87 say\u0131l\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sendika \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de grev hakk\u0131 devletin en fazla m\u00fcdahale ederek kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir aland\u0131r. 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa\u2019n\u0131n genel gerek\u00e7esinde de \u201c\u00f6teden beri T\u00fcrk i\u015f hukukunda devletin fazla m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi ve denetim alt\u0131nda tuttu\u011fu grev ve lokavt alan\u0131 yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir\u201d[5]<\/a> denilmi\u015ftir. Bu ifade ile yasa koyucu grev hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahale edildi\u011fini, bu m\u00fcdahalenin amac\u0131n\u0131n denetim alt\u0131nda tutmak oldu\u011funu kabul etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla grev hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc zedelemeyecek \u015fekilde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak siyasal iktidarlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hak kavram\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Grev Yasa\u011f\u0131na D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f Ertelemeler \u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Grev hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahalenin en etkin kullan\u0131lan yasal yolunu grev ertelemeleri olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.[6]<\/a> Grev ertelemesi, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 1963 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri uygulanan bir kurumdur.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa\u2019n\u0131n Grev ve Lokavt\u0131n Ertelenmesi ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 63. maddesi 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi grev erteleme yetkisini, siyasi bir organ olan Bakanlar Kurulu\u2019na vermi\u015ftir. 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa da grev ertelemesi i\u00e7in, \u201cgenel sa\u011fl\u0131k\u201d \u201culusal g\u00fcvenlik\u201d gibi tan\u0131m\u0131 zor, i\u00e7eri\u011fi herkese g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde doldurulabilecek nedenleri erteleme gerek\u00e7esi olarak kullanmaya olanak tan\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yasa\u2019ya g\u00f6re, taraflar\u0131n erteleme sonunda alt\u0131 i\u015fg\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulu\u2019na (YHK) ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde YHK\u2019ya ba\u015fvurulmaz ise yapt\u0131r\u0131m olarak i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131n\u0131n yetkisi d\u00fc\u015fecektir. YHK\u2019n\u0131n karar\u0131 kesindir ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n

Oysa sendikal haklar\u0131n temel sosyal hak olmalar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n devletin asli y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Devletin anayasa ve uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerle \u00fcstlenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu bu a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131n grev ertelemeleri, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131racak s\u0131kl\u0131kta bir kurum olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik 1980 darbesi sonras\u0131nda grev ertelemesi anayasal g\u00fcvenceye kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Grev ertelemelerinin Anayasa\u2019ya girmesi, erteleme s\u00fcresi sonunda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n zorunlu tahkime g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, ILO\u2019nun yo\u011fun ele\u015ftirilerine u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[8]<\/a>\u00a0S\u00d6K\u2019\u00fcn \u201cUlusal g\u00fcvenlik ya da genel sa\u011fl\u0131k nedeniyle bir grevin ertelenmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin de\u011fil t\u00fcm ilgili taraflar\u0131n g\u00fcvenini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir organ\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu \u00fcstlenmesi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir\u201d[9]<\/a> demesine kar\u015f\u0131n, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerce grev ertelemesinde \u0131srar edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa\u2019yla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lan 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Grev ve Lokavt Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (T\u0130SGLK) uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem boyunca da toplu pazarl\u0131k ve grev hakk\u0131 ciddi bir bi\u00e7imde ihlal edilmi\u015f ve yayg\u0131n grev ertelemeleri ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde toplam 252 grev erteleme kararnamesi yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f; 252 kararnamenin 209\u2019unda milli g\u00fcvenlik gerek\u00e7esine yer verilmi\u015ftir.[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Son 14 y\u0131ll\u0131k AKP d\u00f6nemine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da grev ertelemesi kurumunun, \u00f6nemli her grevde uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve erteleme kurumu yard\u0131m\u0131 ile grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n engellenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer alan tablodan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, AKP d\u00f6neminde ertelenen grevlerde milli g\u00fcvenlik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyi olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
AKP D\u00d6NEM\u0130NDE GREV ERTELEMELER\u0130 (YASAKLAMALARI) 2003 – 2017
\n(G\u00fcncellenmi\u015f Tablo)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Y\u0131l<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0130\u015fyeri\/\u0130\u015fletme<\/strong><\/td>\nYasa<\/strong><\/td>\nGerek\u00e7e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0130\u015f\u00e7i Say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\nSendika<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0130\u015fkolu<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003<\/strong><\/td>\nPetlas A.\u015e.<\/td>\n2822<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n350<\/td>\nPetrol – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nLastik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003<\/strong><\/td>\n\u015ei\u015fecam<\/td>\n2822<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n5.000<\/td>\nKristal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nCam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2004<\/strong><\/td>\n\u015ei\u015fecam<\/td>\n2822<\/td>\nGS+MG<\/td>\n5.000<\/td>\nKristal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nCam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2004<\/strong><\/td>\nPirelli, Good Year, Brisa<\/td>\n2822<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n5.000<\/td>\nLastik – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nLastik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2005<\/strong><\/td>\nErdemir Madencilik A.\u015e<\/td>\n2822<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n400<\/td>\nT. Maden – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nMaden<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/strong><\/td>\n\u015ei\u015fecam<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n5.800<\/td>\nKristal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nCam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00c7ay\u0131rhan ve \u00c7\u00f6llolar
\nK\u00f6m\u00fcr \u0130\u015fletmeleri<\/td>\n		6356<\/td>\nGS+MG<\/td>\n1.500<\/td>\nT\u00fcrkiye
\nMaden – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\n		Maden<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/strong><\/td>\nMESS Grup T\u0130S Kapsam\u0131<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n15.000<\/td>\nBirle\u015fik Metal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nMetal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/strong><\/td>\nAsil \u00c7elik<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n6.600<\/td>\nBirle\u015fik Metal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nMetal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/strong><\/td>\nEM\u0130S Grup T\u0130S Kapsam\u0131<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n2.200<\/td>\nBirle\u015fik Metal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nMetal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/strong><\/td>\nAkbank<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nEF\u0130<\/td>\n14.000<\/td>\nBanksis<\/td>\nBankac\u0131l\u0131k<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/strong><\/td>\n\u015ei\u015fecam<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nMG<\/td>\n6.500<\/td>\nKristal – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\nCam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/strong><\/td>\nMefar \u0130la\u00e7<\/td>\n6356<\/td>\nGS<\/td>\n500<\/td>\nPetrol – \u0130\u015f<\/td>\n\u0130la\u00e7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ertelenen Grev Say\u0131s\u0131: 13, Erteleme Kapsam\u0131ndaki \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Say\u0131s\u0131: 67.850<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0131saltmalar: MG – Milli G\u00fcvenlik, GS – Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k, EF\u0130 – Ekonomik ve Finansal \u0130stikrar, T\u0130S – Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi
\nHaz\u0131rlayan: Aziz \u00c7elik<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Grev ertelemesi asl\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr grev yasa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ad\u0131n\u0131n erteleme olmas\u0131 yasaklamay\u0131 yumu\u015fatmaktad\u0131r. Anayasa\u2019da ve yasada \u201certeleme\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte hem Anayasa, hem yasa erteleme ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda grevlerin yasaklanmas\u0131 konusunda h\u00fck\u00fcmete geni\u015f yetkiler tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. Uygulanmakta olan bir grev milli g\u00fcvenlik ya da genel sa\u011fl\u0131k nedeniyle ertelendi\u011finde, grev ertelemeyi do\u011furan olay ortadan kalksa dahi, grev bir kez ertelenenince yasa gere\u011fi bir daha uygulanmas\u0131 olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

6356 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ertelenebilecek grevleri tan\u0131mlarken \u201ckarar verilmi\u015f veya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olan kanuni bir grev\u201d \u00f6znesini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sayede Bakanlar Kurulu ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f veya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ancak etkisini g\u00f6stermemi\u015f grevleri de erteleme ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yasaklama olana\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Yasa\u2019n\u0131n bu ifadesini mant\u0131k kurallar\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 ile ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131rmak olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f, sadece karar al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grevin milli g\u00fcvenli\u011fi veya genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehdit edece\u011fini kabul ederek ertelenmesi, ortada netice yokken pe\u015fin pe\u015fin yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulamak anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Milli g\u00fcvenlik ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131k kavramlar\u0131 bir hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek netlikte kavramlar de\u011fildir. Aksine s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7izilmesi \u00e7ok zor, keyfili\u011fe kap\u0131 aralayan kavramlard\u0131r. Bu nedenle de Bakanlar Kurulu her etkili olabilecek grevi mant\u0131k kurallar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ald\u0131rmadan milli g\u00fcvenlikle ili\u015fkilendirebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Grev ertelemesi sonras\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019da a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz bir davada, dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u201cgrev ertelemesi kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan i\u015fyerlerinin i\u00e7erisinde tuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 \u00fcreten i\u015fyerleri de var, tuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 \u00fcretiminin durdurulmas\u0131 ile milli g\u00fcvenlik aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir ili\u015fki kuruldu\u011funu anlayamad\u0131k\u201d itiraz\u0131m\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015ftay savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n karara yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, milli g\u00fcvenlik kavram\u0131n\u0131n mant\u0131\u011fa ayk\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z yorumunun \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinden birisini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Dan\u0131\u015ftay savc\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye’de k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fcretiminin aksamas\u0131 bas\u0131n yay\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ambalaj k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 gereksinimi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ihracat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00fclkeye d\u00f6viz giri\u015fini, yoksun kal\u0131nan d\u00f6viz dolay\u0131s\u0131yla milli g\u00fcvenli\u011fe ili\u015fkin malzemeler de dahil \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in gerekli ihtiya\u00e7 maddelerinin d\u0131\u015fal\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 baltalamaktad\u0131r. \u0130hracata d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00fcretim yapan \u00e7ift\u00e7i ve sanayicinin dolay\u0131s\u0131yla milli ekonominin g\u00f6rece\u011fi zarar telafi edilemez boyutlara yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f milli g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve halk\u0131n genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da etkilemi\u015ftir<\/em>\u201d (Dan\u0131\u015ftay 10. Dairesi, Esas No 1995\/6508 ve 20.11.1995 tarih).<\/p>\n

AKP d\u00f6neminde grev ertelemelerine ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131lan davalarda benzer mant\u0131k h\u00e2kim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f haline gelerek \u201ccam, otomobil, k\u00f6m\u00fcr vb. sekt\u00f6rler stratejik sekt\u00f6rlerdir, \u00fclke ekonomisi zora girer\u201d diye \u00f6zetleyebilece\u011fimiz bir gerek\u00e7eyle davalar reddedilmi\u015f, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bu \u015fekilde ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler kararlarda az\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olarak muhalefet \u015ferhlerinde yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u00dclkemizde sendikal haklar\u0131n yasalarla d\u00fczenlenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten bug\u00fcne kadar ge\u00e7en y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan s\u00fcre\u00e7 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki, sendika hakk\u0131 ancak siyasal iktidarlar\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmi\u015f, \u201ciyi\u201d, \u201cmakbul\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131na uyan sendikac\u0131lara tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir hakt\u0131r. \u0130yi-makbul tan\u0131m\u0131na uygun olsalar da bu sendikalar\u0131n toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yetkisi alabilmeleri, kurgulanan hukuki yap\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde i\u015fverenlerin insaf\u0131na terk edilmi\u015ftir. Toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yetkisi al\u0131p toplu pazarl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flasalar dahi, grev haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan ya da dilerse h\u00fck\u00fcmet erteleme ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda grevi yasaklama olana\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fundan ancak, siyasilerin ve i\u015fverenlerin deyi\u015fiyle milli menfaatlere zarar vermeyecek, ekonominin dengesini bozmayacak, g\u00fczide i\u015fyerlerini zarara u\u011fratmayacak grevleri yapabilirler. Grev yaparken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilere engel olmamalar\u0131, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 mallar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeleri de zorunludur. Bir bi\u00e7imde toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzalasalar dahi imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi her an protokolle de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir, bu protokoller de toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. Sendika toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzaland\u0131ktan sonra protokol yapma pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmez ise, o zaman devleti korumak i\u00e7in yarg\u0131 devreye girer, kriz gerek\u00e7esiyle toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile elde edilmi\u015f haklara el konulur ve uyarlama kuram\u0131 sayesinde toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yeni duruma yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131yla uyarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan hukuku \u201cbir yasan\u0131n, bir s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kesin, ar\u0131, i\u00e7ten d\u0131\u015fa vurumu oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok ender g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr\u201d[11]<\/a> s\u00f6zleri ile de\u011ferlendiren Engels\u2019in bu saptamas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6zelinde \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde nadir olmaktan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sendikal haklar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen yasalar \u201cbir s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kesin, ar\u0131, i\u00e7ten d\u0131\u015fa vurumu\u201d olarak \u015fekillenmi\u015f, uygulanm\u0131\u015f ve uygulanmaya devam etmektedir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeye ise herhalde gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin ilgili karar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca; “Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 51-54. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlenen sendikal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, benzer g\u00fcvenceler getiren ba\u015fta \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme ve Toplu Pazarl\u0131k Hakk\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi olmak \u00fczere ilgili Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (ILO) S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri ve Avrupa Sosyal \u015eart\u0131 ile tamamlanmaktad\u0131r. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 51-54. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlenen sendikal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kapsam\u0131 yorumlan\u0131rken bu belgelerde yer alan ve ilgili organlar taraf\u0131ndan yorumlanan g\u00fcvencelerin de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.\u201d (Ba\u015fvuru No:2013\/8463, T. 18.09.2014, RG. 04.12.2014 T. 29195 S.)<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Mesut G\u00fclmez, \u201cSendikal Haklar\u0131n B\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi: \u2018Toplu S\u00f6zle\u015fmesiz ve Grevsiz Sendika Hakk\u0131, \u00d6z\u00fcnden Yoksundur\u201d, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Toplum<\/strong>, Say\u0131 26, 2010\/3, s. 17.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Mesut G\u00fclmez, \u201cSendika Hakk\u0131, Toplu S\u00f6zle\u015fme ve Grevi de \u0130\u00e7eren Toplu Eylem Haklar\u0131n\u0131 Kapsar m\u0131\u201d, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Toplum<\/strong>, Say\u0131 18, 2008\/3, s. 141, \u201c S\u00d6K\u2019e g\u00f6re; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 konusunda i\u015fverenlerle \u00f6zg\u00fcrce toplu pazarl\u0131k yapma hakk\u0131, sendika \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn temel \u00f6\u011felerinden birini olu\u015fturur\u201d…<\/em><\/strong> \u201cgrev hakk\u0131, \u201csendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6\u011felerinden biridir.\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Metin Kutal, \u201cToplu \u0130\u015f Hukukunda Yeni Bir D\u00fczenleme (31.01.2012 Tarihli Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131), Sicil Dergisi<\/strong>, Mart 2012, Say\u0131 25, <\/strong>s. 174, \u201c(p.113, paragraf 523)\u201d.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> TBMM Tutanak Dergisi<\/strong>, Toplu \u0130\u015f \u0130li\u015fkileri Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi Uyum Komisyonu ile Sa\u011fl\u0131k, Aile, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal \u0130\u015fler Komisyonu Raporlar\u0131 (1\/567) <\/strong>Genel Gerek\u00e7e, s. 5.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n grev erteleme d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Bkz. Murat \u00d6zveri, Sendikal Haklar<\/strong>, Birle\u015fik Metal \u0130\u015f Yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2012.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Kutal, a.e.,<\/strong> s. 177.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Kutal, A. e.<\/strong><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Kutal, A. e. <\/strong>\u201c(p.121, paragraf 571)\u201d.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Aziz \u00c7elik, \u201cMilli G\u00fcvenlik Gerek\u00e7eli Grev Ertelemeleri\u201d \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Toplum<\/strong>, Say\u0131 18, 2008\/3, s.106. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in bkz. A.e. s.87-132.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Engels, F. (1997) Marx-Engels<\/em> Se\u00e7me Yap\u0131tlar<\/em>, \u201cEngels\u2019ten Berlin\u2019deki Conrad Schmidt\u2019e\u201d, Ankara, Sol Y., Cilt 3, s. 597.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Grev Hakk\u0131 Sendika hakk\u0131, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131 sosyal haklar grubu i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu haklar \u00f6ncelikle anayasal d\u00fczeyde koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sendikal haklara ili\u015fkin hukuki koruma sadece Anayasa\u2019yla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Anayasa Mahkemesi 18.09.2014 tarih, 2013\/8463 Ba\u015fvuru no.lu karar\u0131nda sendikal haklar\u0131n sadece Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133,80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dosya","category-sayilar-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/91"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2376"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2376\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}