{"id":3142,"date":"2018-01-23T16:49:02","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T13:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=3142"},"modified":"2018-01-23T16:49:02","modified_gmt":"2018-01-23T13:49:02","slug":"dusman-ceza-hukuku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=3142","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fc\u015fman Ceza Hukuku"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"page\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 46\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>\u201c<em>D\u00fc\u015fman Ceza Hukuku<\/em>\u201d kavram\u0131 ilk defa 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir makale ile \u00fcnl\u00fc Alman Ceza Hukuk\u00e7usu ve Hukuk Felsefecisi Profes\u00f6r G\u00fcnter Jakobs taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonraki y\u0131llarda kademeli olarak geli\u015ftirilerek kavramla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Muhtemeldir ki, yetmi\u015fli y\u0131llarda ba\u015fta Almanya olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanan ter\u00f6r olaylar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 devlete ve topluma y\u00f6nelik bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ve bir g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131s\u0131yla, tehlikenin \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla, temel hukuk ve devlet d\u00fczenine kar\u015f\u0131 gelen bu insanlar\u0131 temel haklara sahip bir \u201c<em>yurtta\u015f<\/em>\u201d olarak de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde ezilmesi, yok edilmesi gereken bir \u201c<em>d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d gibi g\u00f6rerek temel haklardan yoksun bir \u015fekilde ceza hukukunun konusu haline getirme anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temel haklarla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201c<em>yurtta\u015f<\/em>\u201d, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201c<em>yurtta\u015f ceza hukuku<\/em>\u201d kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bu haklardan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f adeta \u201c<em>d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d tabir edilen bir \u201cd\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukuku\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131. Burada d\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukuku anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki su\u00e7 failleri \u201c<em>san\u0131k<\/em>\u201d bile olamayacak d\u00fczeyde haklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, Jakobs\u2019un deyimiyle birer \u201cUnperson\u201d olarak adeta \u201cKi\u015fi\u201dlikten \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131rlar. \u201cKi\u015filikten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bu \u201cD\u00fc\u015fman\u201dlar \u201c<em>Yurtta\u015f Ceza Hukuku<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131ndaki bir \u201cceza\u201dn\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131n ve i\u015flevinin art\u0131k muhatab\u0131 de\u011fildir. Onlar en az zararla ve en uygun y\u00f6ntemlerle bertaraf edilmesi gereken tehlikelerdir. Bu y\u00fczden kafay\u0131 hedef almak (Londra metrosunda oldu\u011fu gibi) bu d\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukukunda \u201corant\u0131l\u0131\u201d bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 46\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Jakobs, d\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukuku anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1985 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ilk makalesinden sonra, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan ve yukar\u0131da dipnotta al\u0131nt\u0131lanan makalesini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda konu edinilenleri bir hukuk politikas\u0131 sorunu de\u011fil, daha \u00e7ok hukuk bilimini ilgilendiren sorunlar olarak ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtme gere\u011fi hissetmi\u015ftir. Yazara g\u00f6re yurtta\u015f ceza hukuku ve d\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukuku denildi\u011finde, asl\u0131nda saf bir bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan iki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel tipin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilir: failin, ki\u015fi muamelesi g\u00f6rmesi veya tehlike kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak muamele g\u00f6rmesi veya di\u011ferlerinin korkutulmas\u0131nda bir ara\u00e7 olmas\u0131. Bu nokta yurtta\u015f ceza hukuku ve d\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukuku ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n birinci y\u00f6n\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u0130kinci y\u00f6n\u00fc ceza ile ilgilidir. Yazara g\u00f6re ceza bir \u201c<em>zor<\/em>\u201d ve \u00f6zellikle de \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, i\u00e7sel ba\u011flarla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k halde bulunan bir \u201c<em>zor<\/em>\u201ddur. Cezan\u0131n t\u00fcm anlamsal i\u00e7eri\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yan zor, eyleme verilen cevab\u0131n da ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Cezan\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda bedeni bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Mahk\u00fbm infaza tabi oldu\u011fu m\u00fcddet\u00e7e infaz kurumu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda su\u00e7 i\u015fleyemeyecektir. H\u00fcrriyeti ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ceza m\u00fcddetince g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flayan \u00f6zel \u00f6nleme&#8230; Di\u011fer yandan zor, hukukun par\u00e7as\u0131 olan ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, tehlikeli bireye kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanan bir bi\u00e7imdir. B\u00f6ylece cezan\u0131n muhatab\u0131 olmaya ehil olan ki\u015finin yerine tehlikeli birey ge\u00e7er. Yurtta\u015f ceza hukukunda cezan\u0131n belirli bir fonksiyonu vard\u0131r; <em>o bir inkard\u0131r, o bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r<\/em>. D\u00fc\u015fman ceza hukukunda ise s\u00f6z konusu olan <em>tehlikenin bertaraf edilmesidir<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri&#8217;nin 11. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cD\u00fc\u015fman Ceza Hukuku\u201d kavram\u0131 ilk defa 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir makale ile \u00fcnl\u00fc Alman Ceza Hukuk\u00e7usu ve Hukuk Felsefecisi Profes\u00f6r G\u00fcnter Jakobs taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonraki y\u0131llarda kademeli olarak geli\u015ftirilerek kavramla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Muhtemeldir ki, yetmi\u015fli y\u0131llarda ba\u015fta Almanya olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanan ter\u00f6r olaylar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 devlete ve topluma y\u00f6nelik bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ve bir g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131s\u0131yla, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayilar-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/109"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3142\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}