{"id":3338,"date":"2018-06-12T16:07:11","date_gmt":"2018-06-12T13:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=3338"},"modified":"2018-06-12T16:07:11","modified_gmt":"2018-06-12T13:07:11","slug":"secim-kanunlarindaki-son-degisikliklerin-karsilastirmali-anayasa-hukuku-baglaminda-degerlendirilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=3338","title":{"rendered":"Se\u00e7im Kanunlar\u0131ndaki Son De\u011fi\u015fikliklerin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 Anayasa Hukuku Ba\u011flam\u0131nda De\u011ferlendirilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 26\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">I. Genel Olarak Se\u00e7imler ve Denetimi<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demokrasilerde se\u00e7imlerin temel bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, se\u00e7imler siyasi iradenin olu\u015fum s\u00fcrecinin en \u00f6nemli i\u015flemidir. Se\u00e7menler \u00f6nceliklerini a\u00e7\u0131klayarak ve y\u00f6netenleri se\u00e7erek en \u00f6nemli denetim arac\u0131n\u0131 uygularlar. Sand\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcndeki se\u00e7men davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, siyasal sistemin geli\u015fiminde en b\u00fcy\u00fck etkendir. Oylar\u0131n parlamentoda sandalyelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan kurallar\u0131 ifade eden se\u00e7im sistemleri de bu ba\u011flamda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 oy da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, uygulanan se\u00e7im sistemine g\u00f6re parlamentoda tamamen farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Se\u00e7im sistemleriyle ilgili bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar uzun bir gelene\u011fe sahiptir. Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 da Frans\u0131z ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde se\u00e7im sistemi, matematiksel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131yor ve se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n basit \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa g\u00f6re se\u00e7menin ger\u00e7ek iradesini nas\u0131l daha iyi yans\u0131taca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Bu \u00e7abalar\u0131n sonucunda 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan 20. y\u00fczy\u0131la ge\u00e7ilirken nispi temsil sistemi ilk kez uyguland\u0131.1 Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131\u2019nda hemen hemen t\u00fcm devletlerde nispi temsil sisteminin uygulanmas\u0131, bu konudaki deneyimleri art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi iki D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda demokrasilerin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de her iki sistemin temsilcileri aras\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmaya, yeni veriler de eklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancak se\u00e7im hukuku kapsam\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k ya\u015fanabilecek tekil olaylar belirlenirken se\u00e7im sistemlerinin teknik unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu teknik unsurlar \u015fu alanlarda toplanabilir: se\u00e7im \u00e7evrelerinin belirlenmesi, usule uygun aday g\u00f6sterilmesi, kamusal ve kamusal olmayan makamlar\u0131n se\u00e7imleri me\u015fru olmayan \u015fekilde etkilemeleri, oy verme s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar, oylar\u0131n say\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ilan\u0131. Teknik unsurlara ili\u015fkin her d\u00fczenlemenin siyasal bir etkisi vard\u0131r. Se\u00e7im sistemlerinin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak etkisini, bu unsurlar\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki belirler.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 26\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu unsurlara y\u00f6nelik se\u00e7im denetimi, egemenin iradesinin yan\u0131lt\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131n garantisidir. Kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131nda se\u00e7imler ilk ve en temel demokratik me\u015fruluk arac\u0131d\u0131r. Parlamentonun olu\u015fumunu belirleyecek se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7men iradesiyle uyu\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan se\u00e7im uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 hukuksal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bir gerekliliktir. Giderici denetime tabi olan se\u00e7im uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda, se\u00e7menlerin \u00f6znel haklar\u0131 da korunur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri&#8217;nin 13. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Genel Olarak Se\u00e7imler ve Denetimi Demokrasilerde se\u00e7imlerin temel bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, se\u00e7imler siyasi iradenin olu\u015fum s\u00fcrecinin en \u00f6nemli i\u015flemidir. Se\u00e7menler \u00f6nceliklerini a\u00e7\u0131klayarak ve y\u00f6netenleri se\u00e7erek en \u00f6nemli denetim arac\u0131n\u0131 uygularlar. Sand\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcndeki se\u00e7men davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, siyasal sistemin geli\u015fiminde en b\u00fcy\u00fck etkendir. Oylar\u0131n parlamentoda sandalyelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan kurallar\u0131 ifade eden se\u00e7im sistemleri de bu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dosya","category-sayilar-13"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3338\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}