{"id":4543,"date":"2020-10-06T21:34:13","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T18:34:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4543"},"modified":"2020-10-06T21:34:13","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T18:34:13","slug":"pandemiyle-mucadele-kapsaminda-alinmis-olan-sokaga-cikma-yasagi-tedbirinin-anayasalligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4543","title":{"rendered":"Pandemiyle M\u00fccadele Kapsam\u0131nda Al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Olan Soka\u011fa \u00c7\u0131kma Yasa\u011f\u0131 Tedbirinin Anayasall\u0131\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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I. Giri\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n

1 Aral\u0131k 2019 tarihinde \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan pandemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yeni koronavir\u00fcs (COV\u0130D-19) salg\u0131n\u0131, John Hopkins \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin derledi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re 14 Haziran tarihi itibariyle d\u00fcnyada toplam 7.719.770 ki\u015finin hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanmas\u0131na; bu ki\u015filerden 427.798\u2019unun ise \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz bilinen bir a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yahut tedavisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu salg\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, devletlerce en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan tedbirlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ise bula\u015f riskini azaltmak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 gelmektedir. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu yasaklar ba\u015fta seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 temel hakka m\u00fcdahale olu\u015fturmakta ve beraberinde \u00f6nemli anayasal tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 getirmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131da t\u00fcm bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 t\u00fcketmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de uygulanan soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131n\u0131n anayasaya uygunlu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacak ve bu konuda baz\u0131 \u00f6nerilerde bulunulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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II. Soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk Anayasa Hukukuna g\u00f6re anayasaya uygunlu\u011fu<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemde ilkin, 2015 senesinde \u00fclkenin G\u00fcneydo\u011fu b\u00f6lgesindeki illerde ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki rejimini tart\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in evveliyatla o d\u00f6nemki tart\u0131\u015fmalara bakmakta fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelenin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir\u00e7ok ilin valisi, \u0130l \u00d6zel \u0130daresi Kanunu 11-c h\u00fckm\u00fcne dayanarak soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 ilan etmi\u015flerdir. Ancak s\u00f6z konusu h\u00fckme bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, kanunun valilere soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 konusunda a\u00e7\u0131k bir yetki verdi\u011finden s\u00f6z edilememektedir. Oysaki temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ancak kanunla yap\u0131labilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesi sadece \u015fekli anlamda bir kanunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yetinmemektedir; temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere m\u00fcdahale eden kanunun bu yetkiyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a vermesi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu hukuki duruma ayk\u0131r\u0131 bi\u00e7imde soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 yetkisinin yorum ile \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ise, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir kimse veya organ\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anayasadan almayan bir yetki kullanamayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki 6. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. \u0130laveten soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 niteli\u011fi itibariyle, bir temel hakk\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, o temel hakk\u0131n durdurmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir. 1982 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 15. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde ve onu a\u015fan bir kavramd\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne g\u00f6re de bir temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmaks\u0131z\u0131n veya kullan\u0131lmaz duruma getirmeksizin bunlardan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmesi, durdurmay\u0131 ifade etmektedir. Bir temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 ise ola\u011fan d\u00f6nemlerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu durumda idarenin hukuken ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fi tek yol ancak ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal yahut s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ilan\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan m\u00fclga 1402 say\u0131l\u0131 S\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim Kanunu\u2019nun 3. maddesinin I. bendinde ve halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan 2935 say\u0131l\u0131 Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Hal Kanunu\u2019nun 11\/a maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fekliyle soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 ilan etmek iken, bu yola ba\u015fvurulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde uygulanan soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne yap\u0131lan bireysel ba\u015fvuruda talep edilen tedbir talepleri ise Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

***<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri’nin 24-25. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I. Giri\u015f 1 Aral\u0131k 2019 tarihinde \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan pandemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yeni koronavir\u00fcs (COV\u0130D-19) salg\u0131n\u0131, John Hopkins \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin derledi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re 14 Haziran tarihi itibariyle d\u00fcnyada toplam 7.719.770 ki\u015finin hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanmas\u0131na; bu ki\u015filerden 427.798\u2019unun ise \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz bilinen bir a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yahut tedavisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu salg\u0131na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133,231],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dosya","category-sayilar-24-25"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}