{"id":4554,"date":"2020-10-06T21:52:39","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T18:52:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4554"},"modified":"2020-10-06T21:52:39","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T18:52:39","slug":"gocmen-sorununa-fransiz-anayasa-konseyi-cercevesinden-bakis-ozgurluk-esitlik-ve-kardeslik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4554","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f6\u00e7men Sorununa Frans\u0131z Anayasa Konseyi \u00c7er\u00e7evesinden Bak\u0131\u015f: \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik ve \u201cKarde\u015flik\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Giri\u015f: \u00dc\u00e7lemenin tarihsel geli\u015fimi<\/span><\/p>\n

1958 tarihli Frans\u0131z Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Egemenlik ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. maddesine g\u00f6re \u201cCumhuriyetin mottosu \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik ve Karde\u015fliktir. 1789 Frans\u0131z Devrimi ile ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik, Karde\u015flik\u201d (Libert\u00e9, Egalit\u00e9, Fraternit\u00e9; \u00d6EK) \u00fc\u00e7lemesi san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine devrimin ilk ve tek mottosu de\u011fildir. Bu mottonun Frans\u0131z Devrimini simgeleyen bir ifadeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi ve Cumhuriyetin resm\u00ee slogan\u0131 haline gelmesi zamana yay\u0131lan bir s\u00fcrecin sonucudur. Nitekim Frans\u0131z Devriminin ya da bunun ertesinde kurulan I. Cumhuriyetin ve bu d\u00f6nemdeki asli kurucu iktidar\u0131n herhangi resm\u00ee bir mottoyu benimsememi\u015f oldu\u011fu ifade edilmektedir. Bu d\u00f6nemde kabul edilen hukuki metinlerden, kanunlardan, bildirilerden, toplant\u0131lar ve Meclis g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde kullan\u0131lan ifadelerden kaynaklanan; spontane ya da daimile\u015fmi\u015f bir mottolar katalo\u011fu olu\u015ftu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile d\u00f6nemin ruhunu yans\u0131tan sabit bir form\u00fcl bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin devrimin saltanat kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131, cumhuriyet\u00e7i kimli\u011fini \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karan \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcr ya\u015fa ya da \u00f6l!\u201d, \u201cVatan, Kanunlar ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d ya da \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik, Birlik\u201d gibi mottalar da kullan\u0131lagelmi\u015ftir. Hatta devrimden sonra \u00fclkenin belirli bir d\u00f6nem anayasal monar\u015fi ile y\u00f6netilmesi sonucu kimi belgelerde \u201cUlus, Kanun ve Kral i\u00e7in\u201d \u015feklinde bir ifadeye de rastlan\u0131labilmektedir.<\/p>\n

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Sonu\u00e7 olarak kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d, \u201ce\u015fitlik\u201d ve \u201ckarde\u015flik\u201d terimleri esas\u0131nda devrimin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tan ilkelerden sadece birka\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc bir araya getirerek, kamusal olarak kullanan ilk ki\u015fi ise Frans\u0131z devriminin simgesi Robespierre olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7leme zaman i\u00e7inde en nihayetinde anayasa metnine d\u00e2hil edilir. \u0130lk olarak II. Cumhuriyetin (1848-1852) Anayasas\u0131 olan 1848 Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 K\u0131sm\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. \u00c7er\u00e7eve anayasa olarak nitelendirilebilecek \u00fc\u00e7 anayasal kanun ile y\u00f6netilen III. Cumhuriyet (1870-1940) d\u00f6neminde ise anayasal kanunlarda yer almasa da \u00fc\u00e7leme, Cumhuriyetin resm\u00ee mottosu olmaya devam eder. Nitekim resm\u00ee bina ve kurulu\u015flarda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 da bu d\u00f6neme tekab\u00fcl etmektedir. O d\u00f6nemden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Cumhuriyetin simgesi olmaya devam eden mottonun kullan\u0131m\u0131 yaln\u0131zca, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda, Alman m\u00fcttefiki Vichy h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin lideri olan Mare\u015fal P\u00e9tain\u2019\u0131n karar\u0131 ile \u201cEmek, Aile, Yurt\u201d \u00fc\u00e7lemesiyle yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi d\u00f6nemde kesintiye u\u011frar.<\/p>\n

Bu kesintinin ard\u0131ndan IV. Cumhuriyetin (1946-1958) 1946 tarihli Anayasas\u0131nda yeniden anayasal bir h\u00fck\u00fcm haline gelir. Motto, V. Cumhuriyetin \u015fu an y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan 1958 tarihli Anayasas\u0131nda ise \u00fc\u00e7 maddede h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u00d6EK\u2019nin anayasa yarg\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7men sorunu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcncel \u00f6nemi, Frans\u0131z Anayasa Konseyinin, normatif de\u011feri tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan \u201cKarde\u015flik\u201d ilkesini anayasall\u0131k blokuna d\u00e2hil ederek, g\u00f6\u00e7men haklar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren bir yasay\u0131 anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmektedir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bu yaz\u0131da, Anayasa Konseyinin 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda verdi\u011fi bir karar\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu ilkeyi g\u00f6\u00e7men sorunu ba\u011flam\u0131nda nas\u0131l okudu\u011fu incelenecektir.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri’nin 24-25. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f: \u00dc\u00e7lemenin tarihsel geli\u015fimi 1958 tarihli Frans\u0131z Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Egemenlik ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. maddesine g\u00f6re \u201cCumhuriyetin mottosu \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik ve Karde\u015fliktir. 1789 Frans\u0131z Devrimi ile ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, E\u015fitlik, Karde\u015flik\u201d (Libert\u00e9, Egalit\u00e9, Fraternit\u00e9; \u00d6EK) \u00fc\u00e7lemesi san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine devrimin ilk ve tek mottosu de\u011fildir. Bu mottonun Frans\u0131z Devrimini simgeleyen bir ifadeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi ve Cumhuriyetin resm\u00ee slogan\u0131 haline gelmesi zamana […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":170,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[231],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayilar-24-25"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/170"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}