{"id":4966,"date":"2021-12-20T18:20:37","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T15:20:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4966"},"modified":"2021-12-20T18:20:37","modified_gmt":"2021-12-20T15:20:37","slug":"iktisat-notlari-ekonomik-kriz-ve-faiz-oranlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=4966","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ktisat Notlar\u0131: Ekonomik Kriz ve Faiz Oranlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 41\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ana ak\u0131m iktisat o\u0308g\u0306retisi kurallar\u0131na go\u0308re, ekonomik krizden so\u0308z edebilmek ic\u0327in iki do\u0308nem u\u0308st u\u0308ste eksi bu\u0308yu\u0308menin olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yas\u0327anan sosyal c\u0327o\u0308ku\u0308s\u0327e rag\u0306men, standart tan\u0131ma go\u0308re ekonomik kriz tan\u0131s\u0131 koyulmamas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi, so\u0308mu\u0308ru\u0308ye ve krediye dayal\u0131 ulusal gelir art\u0131s\u0327lar\u0131n\u0131n ortalama go\u0308ru\u0308ntu\u0308yu\u0308 kriz tan\u0131m\u0131 d\u0131s\u0327\u0131na tas\u0327\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla beraber, giderek bu\u0308yu\u0308k halk y\u0131g\u0306\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yoksullas\u0327mas\u0131, ekonominin krizde seyrettig\u0306inin go\u0308stergesidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tu\u0308rkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankas\u0131, yasal olarak fiyat istikrar\u0131n\u0131 sag\u0306lama is\u0327levi yan\u0131nda, u\u0308lkenin alt\u0131n ve do\u0308viz rezervlerini yo\u0308netme ve istikrar\u0131 sag\u0306lama amac\u0131yla para ve do\u0308viz piyasalar\u0131nda du\u0308zenleyici rol alma go\u0308reviyle de yu\u0308ku\u0308mlu\u0308du\u0308r. Merkez Bankas\u0131, bu yu\u0308ku\u0308mlu\u0308lu\u0308klerle, ic\u0327te fiyat istikrar\u0131 kadar, do\u0308viz kuru u\u0308zerinde de belirleyici olabilmektedir. Merkez Bankas\u0131 politika faiz haddinin yu\u0308kseltilmesi sonucunda, do\u0308vizin go\u0308reli ucuzlamas\u0131 ya da istikrar\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131yla ithalat u\u0308ru\u0308nlerinde fiyat art\u0131s\u0327lar\u0131n\u0131n, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla maliyet fonksiyonun frenlenmesi so\u0308z konusu olabilir. Bu politika neticesinde, piyasan\u0131n talep fonksiyonu da frenlenerek fiyatlar u\u0308zerinde istikrar sag\u0306lanmas\u0131, hatta arz ve talep fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kars\u0327\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 durumlar\u0131na bag\u0306l\u0131olarak,gerileticietkiolus\u0327turulmas\u0131dahi sag\u0306lanabilir. Aksi yo\u0308nde, Merkez Bankas\u0131 politika faiz haddinin indirilmesi ise, do\u0308vizin pahal\u0131las\u0327mas\u0131yla ithal mallar\u0131 fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n yu\u0308kselmesine yol ac\u0327ar. Bu su\u0308rec\u0327, go\u0308rece esnek para politikas\u0131 nedeniyle olus\u0327abilecek talep etkisiyle de birles\u0327erek genel fiyat art\u0131s\u0327\u0131na sebep olabilir. I\u0307c\u0327 dengeyi o\u0308zetleyen bu genel c\u0327erc\u0327evenin d\u0131s\u0327 denge ile, yani cari denge kos\u0327ullar\u0131 ile de tamamlanmas\u0131 gerekir. Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n faiz politikas\u0131 yoluyla etkilenen d\u0131s\u0327 kaynaklar, d\u0131s\u0327 ticarette oldug\u0306u gibi o\u0308demeler dengesinde nihai giris\u0327 ya da c\u0327\u0131k\u0131s\u0327 nitelig\u0306i tas\u0327\u0131may\u0131p, borc\u0327 al\u0131m\u0131 ya da o\u0308dentisi olarak gec\u0327ici niteliktedir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 41\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tasarruf yetersizlig\u0306i sorunu olan gelis\u0327mekte olan bir ekonomiyi ic\u0327 ve d\u0131s\u0327 dengeleriyle ele ald\u0131g\u0306\u0131m\u0131zda, ic\u0327 denge ile d\u0131s\u0327 denge kos\u0327ullar\u0131n\u0131n birbiri ile kars\u0327\u0131tl\u0131k ic\u0327inde oldug\u0306unu go\u0308ru\u0308ru\u0308z. S\u0327o\u0308yle ki, ic\u0327te go\u0308reli fiyat istikrar\u0131 ve istihdam\u0131n sag\u0306land\u0131g\u0306\u0131 kos\u0327ullarda d\u0131s\u0327 ac\u0327\u0131k bu\u0308yu\u0308r; tersi olarak, d\u0131s\u0327 dengeye yo\u0308nelindig\u0306inde ise, ic\u0327eride fiyat yu\u0308kselis\u0327i ve is\u0327sizlik art\u0131s\u0327\u0131 bas\u0327 go\u0308sterebilir. Kapitalist sistemde kalk\u0131nmakta olan c\u0327evre ekonomilerin temel sorunlar\u0131 bu ac\u0327mazda du\u0308g\u0306u\u0308mlenir. Gelis\u0327mekte olan ekonomilerde d\u0131s\u0327 denge ile ic\u0327te fiyat ve istihdam istikrar\u0131n\u0131n sag\u0306lanmas\u0131, dengeli ve planl\u0131 ekonomi kos\u0327ullar\u0131n\u0131, yani sosyalizmi gerektirir. Tu\u0308rkiye kos\u0327ullar\u0131nda da ekonominin du\u0308g\u0306u\u0308mlendig\u0306i yer buras\u0131d\u0131r. Yas\u0327anan u\u0308retim yetersizlig\u0306i ve tasarruf yetersizlig\u0306inin neden oldug\u0306u mu\u0308zmin cari ac\u0327\u0131k kos\u0327ullar\u0131nda yu\u0308ksek faiz politikas\u0131, ic\u0327 ekonomiyi gec\u0327ici olarak rahatlat\u0131rken, d\u0131s\u0327 borc\u0327 stokunu yu\u0308kseltir. Tersi durumda ise, du\u0308s\u0327u\u0308k faiz haddi ic\u0327 ekonomide fiyat ve is\u0327sizlik art\u0131s\u0327\u0131na yol ac\u0327arak krizi ve yoksullug\u0306u derinles\u0327tirirken, d\u0131s\u0327 borc\u0327 stokunun yu\u0308kselmesini frenleyebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131 sorun, ic\u0327 ve d\u0131s\u0327 ekonomik dengelerin optimum du\u0308zeyde tutulmas\u0131 gibi zor bir noktada c\u0327o\u0308zu\u0308msu\u0308zles\u0327mektedir.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri&#8217;nin 34. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ana ak\u0131m iktisat o\u0308g\u0306retisi kurallar\u0131na go\u0308re, ekonomik krizden so\u0308z edebilmek ic\u0327in iki do\u0308nem u\u0308st u\u0308ste eksi bu\u0308yu\u0308menin olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yas\u0327anan sosyal c\u0327o\u0308ku\u0308s\u0327e rag\u0306men, standart tan\u0131ma go\u0308re ekonomik kriz tan\u0131s\u0131 koyulmamas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi, so\u0308mu\u0308ru\u0308ye ve krediye dayal\u0131 ulusal gelir art\u0131s\u0327lar\u0131n\u0131n ortalama go\u0308ru\u0308ntu\u0308yu\u0308 kriz tan\u0131m\u0131 d\u0131s\u0327\u0131na tas\u0327\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla beraber, giderek bu\u0308yu\u0308k halk y\u0131g\u0306\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yoksullas\u0327mas\u0131, ekonominin krizde seyrettig\u0306inin go\u0308stergesidir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[293],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayi34"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4966"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4966\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}