{"id":5130,"date":"2022-11-01T00:32:44","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T21:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=5130"},"modified":"2022-11-01T00:32:44","modified_gmt":"2022-10-31T21:32:44","slug":"cevresel-bozulma-ve-kirlilik-karsisinda-turkiyenin-uluslararasi-cevre-hukuku-ve-insan-haklari-hukukundan-dogan-yukumlulukleri-uzerine-bir-inceleme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/?p=5130","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7evresel Bozulma ve Kirlilik Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7evre Hukuku ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Hukukundan Do\u011fan Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00dczerine Bir \u0130nceleme"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyada iklim krizinin etkisini giderek daha fazla hissedildi\u011fi[1]<\/a>ve bir t\u00fcr olarak insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n korunabilmesi i\u00e7in \u201ck\u0131sa ve h\u0131zla kapanan bir f\u0131rsat penceresinin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na<\/em>\u201d[2]<\/a> giderek yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131[3]<\/a> ihtiyac\u0131 giderek daha fazla fark edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7 olarak nitelendirilebilecek olmakla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 talepleri giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmekle birlikte uygulamada durumun \u201chen\u00fcz\u201d do\u011fa lehine i\u015flemedi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilecektir. Ger\u00e7ekten de Marmara Denizine ak\u0131t\u0131lan at\u0131klar, denizdeki g\u0131rg\u0131r ve trol gibi tekniklerle yap\u0131lan bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin kayb\u0131 ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak deniz s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 sebebiyle denizde 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan ve 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz aylar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck alanlar\u0131 kaplayan \u201cm\u00fcsilaj\u201d sorunu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u015flerin do\u011fa lehine i\u015flemedi\u011fine dair en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6stergelerden biridir.[4]<\/a> Marmara Denizi do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n reddedilemez ve insan\u0131n esteti\u011fini etkiler bir bi\u00e7imde bozulmas\u0131 sebebiyle m\u00fcsilaja yo\u011fun bir bi\u00e7imde m\u00fcdahale edilmi\u015f ve \u015fimdilik bu sorun bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak m\u00fcsilaj tehlikesi halen g\u00fcncelli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer yak\u0131n tarihli \u00f6rnek ise Brezilya donanmas\u0131na ait \u201cNae Sao Paulo\u201d isimli ve \u00f6zellikle de insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok tehlikeli bir madde olan \u201casbest\u201d y\u00fckl\u00fc olan geminin s\u00f6k\u00fclme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in Brezilya\u2019dan \u0130zmir Alia\u011fa Liman\u0131na getirilmesine izin verilmesidir. Buradaki temel sorun, hali haz\u0131rda asbest y\u00fckl\u00fc olan bir geminin s\u00f6k\u00fclmesi i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha da fazla asbest yayaca\u011f\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015facak \u00e7evresel kirlili\u011finde ciddi bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununa yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fidir. Ancak s\u00f6z konusu halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskine dayan\u0131larak verilen siyasi m\u00fccadele neticesinde ilgili izin i\u015flemi daha gemi \u00fclkenin karasular\u0131na girmeden iptal edilmi\u015ftir.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Asbestli gemi ve m\u00fcsilaj sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise ikisinde de \u00e7evreye ba\u011fl\u0131 sorunun reddedilemeyecek kadar a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelmesi \u00fczerine ilgili soruna m\u00fcdahale edilmesidir. Benzer bir \u00f6rnek de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerin at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ithal edilerek Adana ve Mersin \u015fehir s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki b\u00f6lgelere at\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Greenpeace raporlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin plastik at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 alan T\u00fcrkiye, Avrupa Birli\u011finden en \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6p ithal eden \u00fclke konumunda.[6]<\/a> \u0130thal edilen \u00e7\u00f6plerin fazla g\u00fcndem olmas\u0131yla birlikteyse yollara ta\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6pler toplanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131larak \u00e7evresel soruna \u201cm\u00fcdahale\u201d edilmi\u015ftir.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 Hukuk Defterleri’nin 37. say\u0131s\u0131nda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a> David Rocks, \u201cEurope Is Living Through Its Worst Heat Wave Since the Renaissance\u201d, Bloomberg, 1 Eyl\u00fcl 2022, https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/features\/2022-09-01\/2022-europe-heat-wave-sets-weather-records?leadSource=uverify%20wall<\/a>, e.t. 18.09.2022.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> IPCCC, Climate Change 2022; Impacts, Adoptation and Vulnerability, Summary for Policymakers, s. 35<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Do\u011fa ve \u00e7evre kavramlar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131 olup do\u011fa d\u00fcnya ekosistemine ait fenomenlere referans verilmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131rken \u00e7evre insan\u0131n do\u011fa ve onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7evresel unsurlar\u0131na g\u00f6nderme yapmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda insan \u00e7evresinin korunmas\u0131 ile do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 e\u015f anlaml\u0131 kavramlar olarak ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Akg\u00fcn \u0130lhan, \u201cFiziksel ve Y\u00f6netimsel Boyutlar\u0131yla M\u00fcsilaj Meselesi\u201d, Ye\u015fil Siyaset, 21 Temmuz 2021, https:\/\/yesilsiyaset.org\/sayilar\/fiziksel-ve-yonetimsel-boyutlariyla-musilaj-meselesi\/<\/a>, e.t. 18.09.2022.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Diken, \u201cM\u00fccadele Sonu\u00e7 Verdi: Asbestli Geminin Giri\u015fine \u0130zin Verilmeyecek\u201d, 26 A\u011fustos 2022, https:\/\/www.diken.com.tr\/bakan-kurum-duyurdu-asbestli-geminin-girisine-izin-verilmeyecek\/<\/a>, e.t. 18.09.2022.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Greenpeace T\u00fcrkiye, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Yine Avrupa\u2019dan En \u00c7ok Plastik \u00c7\u00f6p Alan \u00dclke Oldu\u201d, 26 Nisan 2021,https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/basin-bultenleri\/turkiye-yine-avrupadan-en-cok-plastik-cop-alan-ulke-oldu\/<\/a>, e.t. 18.09.2022 ; Greenpeace, Trashed: How the UK is Still Dumping Plastic Waste on the Rest of the World, s.8, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Trashed-Greenpeace-plastics-report-final.pdf<\/a>, e.t. 19.09.2022.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Bahar \u00dcnl\u00fc, \u201c\u0130thal \u00e7\u00f6p bertaraf\u0131nda y\u0131lan hikayesi: G\u00f6r\u00fcnenlerin \u2018kabas\u0131\u2019 al\u0131nd\u0131, yenileri y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131yor, zehri Akdeniz\u2019e d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcyor\u201d, Ye\u015fil Gazete, 27 May\u0131s 2022, https:\/\/yesilgazete.org\/ithal-cop-bertarafinda-yilan-hikayesi-gorunenlerin-kabasi-alindi-yenileri-yigiliyor-zehri-akdenize-dokuluyor\/<\/a>, e.t. 19.09.2022.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyada iklim krizinin etkisini giderek daha fazla hissedildi\u011fi[1]ve bir t\u00fcr olarak insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n korunabilmesi i\u00e7in \u201ck\u0131sa ve h\u0131zla kapanan bir f\u0131rsat penceresinin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na\u201d[2] giderek yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131[3] ihtiyac\u0131 giderek daha fazla fark edilmektedir. Ge\u00e7 olarak nitelendirilebilecek olmakla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 talepleri giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmekle birlikte uygulamada durumun \u201chen\u00fcz\u201d do\u011fa lehine […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":246,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[328],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayi-37"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/246"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5130"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5130\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukukdefterleri.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}